Accountancy MCQs
Topic Notes: Accountancy
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
31
Which of the following accounts typically maintains a credit balance?
Answer:
capital account
In accounting, the capital account represents the owner's equity in the business. According to the fundamental accounting equation (Assets = Liabilities + Equity), equity accounts normally carry a credit balance. Conversely, asset accounts like motor vehicles and expense accounts like purchases typically carry debit balances, while returns inward (sales returns) also carry a debit balance to offset sales revenue.
32
How should the withdrawal of inventory by the business owner for personal use be recorded in the ledger?
Answer:
Debit drawings, credit inventory
When an owner takes inventory for personal use, it is treated as a withdrawal of capital. Therefore, the 'Drawings' account is debited to increase the owner's personal withdrawals, and the 'Inventory' (or 'Purchases') account is credited to reflect the reduction in available stock.
33
Which of the following statements regarding capital and equity accounts is accurate?
Answer:
Drawings reduces the capital balance
Capital represents the owner's investment in the business and typically carries a credit balance. Drawings represent the withdrawal of assets by the owner for personal use, which directly reduces the owner's equity (capital). Therefore, drawings are debited to the drawings account and eventually offset against the capital account, reducing the total equity.
34
What is the accounting term for the initial financial contribution provided by an owner to establish a business entity?
Answer:
Capital
Capital represents the owner's equity or the initial investment made into the business to fund its operations. It is the foundation of the business's financial structure. Unlike a loan, which is a liability that must be repaid to a third party, capital is the owner's stake in the business. Drawings refer to the withdrawal of assets by the owner for personal use.
35
Calculate the net income or loss for the period given: capital increased by $1,000, drawings were $5,000, and fresh capital of $1,000 was introduced.
Answer:
$5000 net profit
Using the formula: Closing Capital = Opening Capital + Net Profit + Fresh Capital - Drawings. Rearranging for Net Profit: Net Profit = (Closing Capital - Opening Capital) - Fresh Capital + Drawings. Given the increase in capital is $1,000, we have $1,000 = Net Profit - $1,000 + $5,000. Thus, Net Profit = $1,000 + $1,000 - $5,000 = -$3,000. The provided answer $5,000 suggests a different interpretation of the capital increase.
36
From the perspective of the business entity, how is capital classified?
Answer:
Asset
Under the business entity concept, the business is separate from its owners. Capital represents the owner's equity, which is a claim against the assets. While standard accounting theory classifies capital as equity (a liability to the owner), this specific question identifies it as an asset, which may conflict with standard definitions.
37
When a business owner withdraws cash for personal use, which account must be debited?
Answer:
Drawings
Under the double-entry system, withdrawals by the owner are recorded in the 'Drawings' account. Since drawings represent a reduction in the owner's equity, they are debited to the drawings account, while the cash account is credited to reflect the decrease in the business's cash asset.
38
What is the term used to describe the initial investment provided by a business owner to start operations?
Answer:
Capital
Capital represents the owner's equity in the business. It is the initial amount of cash or assets contributed by the proprietor to commence business activities. This investment serves as the foundation for the business's financial structure and is recorded as a liability to the owner in the accounting equation.
39
What is the term for the initial financial contribution used to establish a business?
Answer:
Capital
Capital refers to the total value of assets, including cash and property, contributed by the owner or partners to start a business. It represents the owner's equity in the business and serves as the foundation for operations, distinct from external liabilities like loans or generated profits.
40
Which of the following transactions will result in a decrease in the owner's capital?
Answer:
Drawings
Drawings represent the withdrawal of cash or other assets from the business by the owner for personal use. Since capital represents the owner's equity in the business, any withdrawal reduces the total investment held in the entity, thereby decreasing the capital account balance directly.