Accountancy MCQs
Topic Notes: Accountancy
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
41
How should an owner's initial investment of capital into their business be recorded in the accounting books?
Answer:
A credit to Capital
According to the dual aspect principle, when an owner invests capital, the business receives an asset (Cash/Bank) which is debited, and the owner's equity increases, which is recorded by crediting the Capital account.
42
How does the withdrawal of company funds by the owner for personal use affect the business's capital?
Answer:
Decrease in capital
When an owner withdraws cash or assets from the business for personal use, it is classified as 'drawings'. Since drawings represent a reduction in the owner's equity or investment in the business, the total capital of the company decreases accordingly.
43
What is the standard normal balance for a capital account under the double-entry system?
Answer:
Credit balance
Under the double-entry system, capital represents the owner's equity in the business. According to the fundamental accounting equation (Assets = Liabilities + Equity), equity accounts, including capital, carry a normal credit balance. This means that increases in capital are recorded as credits, while decreases are recorded as debits. Therefore, the expected normal balance for a capital account is a credit balance.
44
If goods are purchased with cash for the proprietor's personal use, which account should be credited?
Answer:
Cash Account
When cash is paid out for personal use, the cash balance decreases. Therefore, the Cash Account must be credited. The debit side of this transaction would be the Drawings Account, representing the proprietor's withdrawal.
45
What is the accounting term for the initial funds or assets contributed by an owner to start a business?
Answer:
Capital
Capital represents the owner's equity or the financial interest the proprietor has in the business. It is the initial investment of cash, goods, or assets provided by the owner to commence operations. According to the business entity concept, this is treated as a liability of the business toward the owner.
46
Which of the following statements regarding the capital account is incorrect?
Answer:
Debit increases the capital account balance
According to the rules of double-entry bookkeeping, capital is a credit-balance account. Therefore, a credit entry increases the balance, while a debit entry decreases it. Fresh capital investments and net income (which adds to retained earnings) both increase the capital account balance. Stating that a debit increases the capital balance is fundamentally incorrect.
47
When a business owner withdraws cash for personal use, which account is debited?
Answer:
Drawings
When an owner withdraws cash for personal use, it is classified as 'Drawings'. According to the rules of accounting, drawings represent a reduction in the owner's equity. Therefore, the Drawings account is debited to reflect this decrease, while the Cash account is credited to reflect the reduction in business assets.
48
Profit generated by a business is considered a component of which of the following?
Answer:
Owner’s capital
Profit represents an increase in the net worth of the business. Under the accounting equation, profit increases the owner's equity (capital) because it represents the residual interest of the owners after all liabilities have been satisfied.
49
What is the accounting term for the withdrawal of cash or other assets by the business owner for personal use?
Answer:
Drawing
Drawings represent the withdrawal of cash or other assets from a business by the owner for personal, non-business purposes. This transaction reduces the owner's equity in the business. It is important to distinguish drawings from business expenses, as drawings are a distribution of capital rather than a cost incurred to generate revenue. Proper accounting for drawings is necessary to maintain an accurate record of the owner's capital account.
50
Which of the following actions results in a reduction of a company's total capital?
Answer:
Owner's withdrawal
Capital represents the owner's claim on the business assets. When an owner withdraws funds for personal use, it is recorded as drawings. Drawings directly reduce the owner's equity in the business, thereby causing a decrease in the total capital balance.