General Knowledge MCQs
Topic Notes: General Knowledge
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
41
Willard Libby received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1960 for his method to use which isotope for age determination?
Answer:
Carbon-14
Libby developed radiocarbon dating, which allows scientists to determine the age of organic materials, revolutionizing archaeology.
42
Jack Kilby was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000 for his part in the invention of:
Answer:
The integrated circuit (IC)
Kilby's invention of the integrated circuit (microchip) laid the foundation for all modern microelectronics.
43
Henri Becquerel shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with the Curies for the discovery of:
Answer:
Spontaneous radioactivity
Becquerel discovered radioactivity by accident when uranium salts fogged a photographic plate wrapped in black paper.
44
Which scientist received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1907, becoming the first American to win a science Nobel, for his optical precision instruments?
Answer:
Albert Michelson
Michelson is famous for the Michelson-Morley experiment which measured the speed of light and disproved the existence of 'luminiferous aether'.
45
Stanley Prusiner won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1997 for discovering which new biological principle of infection?
Answer:
Prions
Prusiner discovered prions, which are misfolded proteins capable of causing disease (like Mad Cow Disease) without any genetic material.
46
Who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?
Answer:
Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield
Their work made it possible to use magnetic gradients to create two-dimensional images of internal structures, revolutionizing medical diagnostics.
47
Dennis Gabor was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1971 for his invention and development of:
Answer:
The holographic method
Gabor invented holography, a technique that allows the recording and reconstruction of a light field, enabling 3D imaging.
48
Who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2022 for the development of 'click chemistry' and bioorthogonal chemistry?
Answer:
Carolyn Bertozzi, Morten Meldal, and K. Barry Sharpless
They developed functional chemistry where molecules snap together quickly and efficiently, like a belt buckle.
49
Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2023 for discoveries that enabled the development of:
Answer:
mRNA vaccines against COVID-19
Their research on nucleoside base modifications allowed for the development of effective mRNA vaccines.
50
Who were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene?
Answer:
Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov
They successfully isolated graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms with extraordinary properties, using a piece of adhesive tape.