All Categories MCQs
Topic Notes: All Categories
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
68461
The 'Spinning Mule' combined features of the Spinning Jenny and the Water Frame. Who invented it?
Answer:
Samuel Crompton
Samuel Crompton invented the Spinning Mule in 1779, which produced finer and stronger thread than earlier machines.
68462
Who invented the first practical steamboat, the 'Clermont'?
Answer:
Robert Fulton
Robert Fulton's 'Clermont' successfully navigated the Hudson River in 1807, demonstrating the commercial viability of steamboats.
68463
Which French chemist discovered the process of pasteurization?
Answer:
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur discovered that heat could kill bacteria in liquids (pasteurization) and developed the germ theory of disease.
68464
The 'Factory Act of 1833' in Britain was passed to:
Answer:
Restrict child labor
The Act prohibited the employment of children under 9 in textile mills and limited the working hours for older children.
68465
Who invented the telegraph?
Answer:
Samuel Morse
Samuel Morse developed the electrical telegraph and the Morse code, revolutionizing long-distance communication in the mid-19th century.
68466
Which disease was a major problem in overcrowded industrial cities due to contaminated water?
Answer:
Cholera
Cholera outbreaks were common and deadly in rapidly growing industrial cities due to poor sewage systems and contaminated drinking water (e.g., the Broad Street outbreak in London).
68467
The first major railway line in England connected which two cities in 1830?
Answer:
Liverpool and Manchester
The Liverpool and Manchester Railway was the world's first inter-city passenger railway, operated exclusively by steam locomotives.
68468
Who wrote 'The Wealth of Nations' (1776), advocating for free-market capitalism?
Answer:
Adam Smith
Adam Smith is the father of modern economics. He argued that the 'invisible hand' of the market would regulate the economy without government interference (laissez-faire).
68469
The 'Enclosure Movement' in Britain contributed to industrialization by:
Answer:
Displacing farmers who then moved to cities for work
Wealthy landowners fenced off common lands, forcing many small farmers off the land and creating a large workforce available for urban factories.
68470
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote which influential pamphlet in 1848 criticizing capitalism?
Answer:
The Communist Manifesto
The Communist Manifesto analyzed the class struggle between the bourgeoisie (owners) and the proletariat (workers) arising from industrial capitalism.