Accountancy MCQs
Topic Notes: Accountancy
General Description
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
61
Which of the following actions results in a decrease in the capital of a business?
Answer:
Drawings
Capital represents the owner's equity in the business. Drawings refer to the withdrawal of cash or assets by the owner for personal use, which directly reduces the owner's investment in the business. Conversely, income, gains, and fresh capital contributions serve to increase the total capital balance.
62
What is the formal accounting term for the financial resources contributed by the owner to initiate business operations?
Answer:
Capital
Capital represents the owner's equity or the initial investment made into a business entity. It is the amount of cash or assets provided by the proprietor to start the business. Under the business entity concept, the business is treated as a separate entity from its owner, and this capital is considered a liability of the business towards the owner, representing the claim the owner has on the business assets.
63
From the perspective of a business entity, how is interest charged on a proprietor's drawings classified?
Answer:
A revenue to the business
Interest on drawings is considered income for the business because it represents a charge levied by the business entity against the proprietor for the personal use of business funds. Since the business is treated as a separate legal entity from its owner, this interest is recorded as revenue in the Profit and Loss account, effectively increasing the firm's total income.
64
Which account should be debited when a partner purchases furniture for their private use using business funds?
Answer:
Partner’s drawings account
When a partner withdraws business assets for personal use, the transaction is classified as drawings. Therefore, the partner's drawings account is debited to record the reduction in the partner's equity, and the asset account (or cash) is credited to reflect the decrease in business assets.
65
Where is the withdrawal of funds by the business owner for personal use recorded in the cash book?
Answer:
Payments
When a business owner withdraws cash for personal use, this transaction is classified as 'drawings'. Because this results in a decrease in the business's cash assets, it is recorded on the credit side of the cash book, which is designated for all payments and cash outflows, regardless of the nature of the expense or withdrawal.
66
When a business owner invests personal funds into the company, which account is credited?
Answer:
Capital a/c
According to the business entity concept, the business is separate from its owner. When an owner invests money, the business receives an asset (cash) and incurs an obligation to the owner. This obligation is recorded in the Capital account, which is credited to increase the equity of the business.
67
What is the term used to describe the owner's residual interest in the business?
Answer:
Capital
Capital represents the owner's investment in the business. It is the residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting all its liabilities, often referred to as owner's equity or net worth.
68
When an owner withdraws cash for personal use, which account should be credited to reflect the reduction in the business's equity?
Answer:
Capital a/c
When cash is withdrawn for personal use, the entry typically involves debiting the Drawings account and crediting the Cash account. However, since Drawings is a contra-equity account, it effectively reduces the Capital account. The provided answer suggests crediting Capital directly, which is a common alternative method of recording drawings in some accounting systems.
69
What is the accounting term for the withdrawal of cash or goods by a business owner for personal use?
Answer:
Drawings
Drawings refer to any withdrawal of cash, inventory, or other assets from the business by the owner for personal, non-business purposes. In accounting, drawings are treated as a reduction in the owner's equity. It is important to distinguish these from business expenses, as they represent a distribution of capital rather than a cost incurred to generate revenue.
70
Which of the following factors leads to an increase in the capital of a business?
Answer:
Revenue
Capital represents the owner's equity in the business. Revenue increases the net income of the firm, which is ultimately transferred to the capital account, thereby increasing the owner's equity. Conversely, expenses and drawings reduce the capital balance. Interest on capital is an expense to the business and reduces profit, though it is credited to the capital account, the primary driver of growth is revenue.