General Knowledge MCQs
Topic Notes: General Knowledge
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
81
Who is considered the 'Father of Immunology' for his work on the smallpox vaccine?
Answer:
Edward Jenner
Edward Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine in 1796 using cowpox material, laying the foundation for modern immunology.
82
The 'Global Fund' was created to fight which three specific diseases?
Answer:
AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
The Global Fund is an international financing organization designed to accelerate the end of AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria epidemics.
83
What does the 'Gavi' alliance primarily focus on?
Answer:
Increasing access to immunization in poor countries
Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, is a public-private global health partnership committed to increasing access to immunization in low-income countries.
84
Which imaging technology uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate images of the organs in the body?
Answer:
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images, unlike CT scans and X-rays which use ionizing radiation.
85
Which vaccine-preventable disease is a major cause of cervical cancer?
Answer:
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
High-risk strains of HPV can cause cervical cancer; the HPV vaccine is a critical tool for cancer prevention.
86
What is the leading cause of death globally, accounting for the majority of non-communicable disease deaths?
Answer:
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular diseases (heart disease and stroke) are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year.
87
The Human Genome Project, completed in 2003, successfully mapped:
Answer:
The entire human DNA sequence
The Human Genome Project was an international research effort to determine the DNA sequence of the entire human genome.
88
Which term describes the shift in disease patterns where non-communicable diseases become more prevalent than infectious diseases?
Answer:
Epidemiological Transition
The epidemiological transition refers to a long-term change in the leading causes of death from infectious/acute diseases to chronic/degenerative diseases.
89
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when:
Answer:
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites change and no longer respond to medicines
AMR happens when microorganisms evolve to survive exposure to the drugs designed to kill them, making infections harder to treat.
90
Which organization creates the 'List of Essential Medicines' that serves as a guide for national health systems?
Answer:
World Health Organization (WHO)
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines contains the medications considered most effective and safe to meet the most important needs in a health system.