Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams) MCQs
Topic Notes: Islamic Studies/Islamiat (Competitive Exams)
<p>MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.</p>
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
81
What role does 'Zakat' play in Islamic economics?
Answer:
Redistribution of wealth and purification of income
Zakat is an obligatory pillar promoting social justice and purifying wealth.
82
Which scholar authored 'Kitab al-Amwal' (Book of Wealth)?
Answer:
Abu Ubayd al-Qasim ibn Sallam
Abu Ubayd’s 'Kitab al-Amwal' discusses taxation, public finance, and wealth distribution in Islam.
83
What does the concept of ‘al-‘Adl’ mean in Islamic economics?
Answer:
Justice and balance in distribution
‘Adl is the Qur’anic principle of fairness that governs all economic interactions.
84
What is the foundation of economic activity in Islam?
Answer:
Halal earnings and moral conduct
Economic action is a form of ‘ibadah (worship) when conducted through lawful means.
85
Which scholar wrote ‘Ihya Ulum al-Din’ and integrated ethics into economics?
Answer:
Imam al-Ghazali
Imam al-Ghazali linked spiritual ethics to trade, wealth, and economic behavior.
86
According to Ibn Khaldun, what leads to economic decline?
Answer:
Excessive taxation and moral decay
He noted that heavy taxation and corruption weaken productivity and social trust.
87
Which book by Ibn Khaldun discusses the rise and fall of civilizations?
Answer:
Al-Muqaddimah
Al-Muqaddimah analyzes social, political, and economic dynamics, including taxation and markets.
88
Who is considered the father of Islamic economics and sociology?
Answer:
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406 CE) pioneered the study of economics, sociology, and political economy in his Muqaddimah.
89
What is the central objective of the Islamic economic system?
Answer:
Establishment of justice and equitable distribution of wealth
Islamic economics aims at ‘adl (justice) and balance in wealth distribution through divine guidance.
90
Where was the first modern experimental Islamic bank established in 1963?
Answer:
Mit Ghamr, Egypt
The Mit Ghamr Savings Bank, founded by Ahmad El-Najjar in Egypt, was the first successful modern attempt at interest-free banking. It operated on the principle of profit-sharing and focused on rural savings and development.