Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
1
The 2024-2025 future outlook for Pakistan’s climate policy focuses on transitioning toward a ______ economy.
Answer:
Circular and Green
Pakistan is moving toward a 'Circular Economy' where waste is minimized and resources are reused. This, combined with the 'Green Pakistan' vision, aims to ensure that future economic growth does not come at the cost of the country's fragile environment.
2
What is the name of the $1 billion 'Nature-Based' solution program Pakistan proposed to the UN in 2022?
Answer:
Living Indus
The Living Indus Initiative is the centerpiece of Pakistan's UN-backed environmental strategy. It proposes a series of nature-based solutions, such as restoring wetlands and building 'green' embankments, to protect the 210 million people living along the river.
3
In 2025, Pakistan hosted a regional summit on 'Air Quality' to address transboundary pollution with which neighbors?
Answer:
India and Afghanistan
Recognizing that smog is a transboundary issue, Pakistan has sought 'Climate Diplomacy' with India to synchronize crop-burning bans and industrial regulations. This regional approach is essential for cleaning the air in the shared Indo-Gangetic plain.
4
The 'Loss and Damage' fund is specifically intended for countries that have ______.
Answer:
Low emissions but high vulnerability to climate disasters
The core principle of the fund is 'climate justice.' It targets nations like Pakistan that have contributed minimally to historical global warming but are suffering the most severe consequences, providing them with grants rather than loans for recovery.
5
Which international body's 'Green Cities' initiative supports Islamabad’s 2025 ranking as a leader in urban sustainability?
Answer:
EBRD / World Bank
Global institutions like the World Bank have provided technical and financial support for Pakistan's urban greening. Islamabad's success in 2025 reflects years of investment in sustainable transport (electric buses) and integrated waste management supported by these bodies.
6
What is the primary cause of 'Glacial Lake Outburst Floods' (GLOF) in northern Pakistan?
Answer:
Rapid melting of glaciers due to rising temperatures
Rising global temperatures cause glaciers to melt rapidly, forming unstable lakes. When the natural dams holding these lakes burst, they create catastrophic GLOFs that wash away mountain villages, bridges, and power plants in Northern Pakistan.
7
Pakistan is a signatory to the 'Kigali Amendment,' which aims to phase out which greenhouse gases?
Answer:
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol targets HFCs, which are potent greenhouse gases used in cooling systems. Pakistan's commitment to this amendment involves modernizing its refrigeration and air conditioning sectors to use climate-friendly alternatives.
8
The 'Special Investment Facilitation Council' (SIFC) in Pakistan (2023) identifies which area as a 'Green' investment priority?
Answer:
Corporate Farming and Mineral Extraction
The SIFC aims to attract 'Green FDI.' In 2024-2025, the council has pitched corporate farming (using water-efficient tech) and the mining of critical minerals (like lithium and copper needed for EV batteries) as sustainable investment opportunities.
9
Which Pakistani official served as the 'Minister for Climate Change' during the 2022 floods and was a key voice at COP27?
Answer:
Sherry Rehman
Senator Sherry Rehman led Pakistan's climate diplomacy during the 2022 floods and COP27. She was instrumental in framing the floods as a 'global climate catastrophe' and was recognized as one of Time Magazine's 100 most influential people for her climate advocacy.
10
The 'Delta Blue Carbon-1' project in Sindh is estimated to sequester how many tons of CO2 over its 60-year lifespan?
Answer:
142 Million
The Delta Blue Carbon project is the world's largest mangrove restoration project. It is expected to remove approximately 142 million tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere over 60 years, earning Pakistan millions of dollars in carbon credits.