Pakistan Studies/Affairs MCQs
Topic Notes: Pakistan Studies/Affairs
MCQs and preparation resources for competitive exams, covering important concepts, past papers, and detailed explanations.
Plato
- Biography: Ancient Greek philosopher (427–347 BCE), student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle, founder of the Academy in Athens.
- Important Ideas:
- Theory of Forms
- Philosopher-King
- Ideal State
1
Which of the following is a 'Non-Contributory' social safety net in Pakistan?
Answer:
BISP Kafaalat
A non-contributory program is one where the beneficiary does not pay into the fund (like a pension or insurance premium); the government provides the benefit for free based on need. BISP is non-contributory, whereas EOBI is contributory because both the employer and employee pay monthly contributions.
2
The 'One Window Ehsaas' centers were designed to:
Answer:
Provide all social safety services (BISP, Health Card, Scholarships) at a single physical location
To reduce the 'hassle' for illiterate and poor citizens, One Window Ehsaas centers were created. Instead of visiting different offices for BISP cash, the Health Card, or a scholarship, a beneficiary can go to one center and resolve all their social protection needs at various counters.
3
Which report is the official annual document that provides data on poverty and the economy before the national budget?
Answer:
Economic Survey of Pakistan
The Economic Survey of Pakistan is released every June by the Ministry of Finance. It contains a dedicated chapter on 'Social Protection' and 'Poverty', providing the latest statistics and a review of the performance of programs like BISP and PPAF during the fiscal year.
4
What is the relationship between 'Microfinance' and poverty alleviation in Pakistan?
Answer:
It provides small loans to the poor to start businesses and build self-reliance
Microfinance targets the 'active poor'—those who have the skills to work but lack the capital to start a small business. By providing small loans (often through organizations like NRSP or Akhuwat), the poor can generate their own income and gradually move out of poverty.
5
The 'Dar-ul-Aman' centers managed by the government provide:
Answer:
Shelter and legal protection to women in distress
Dar-ul-Aman (Abode of Peace) centers are state-run shelters for women who are survivors of domestic violence or family disputes. These centers provide safe housing, food, and legal aid, forming a critical part of the gender-specific social safety net in Pakistan.
6
Which province launched the 'Mazdoor Card' to integrate social security for industrial laborers?
Answer:
Punjab
The Mazdoor Card was an initiative of the Punjab government to provide a digital identity to industrial and domestic workers. It integrates services like health insurance, marriage grants, and pensions, moving workers from the informal sector into a documented social security net.
7
The 'Vulnerability to Poverty' (VTP) measure in Pakistan identifies people who are:
Answer:
Currently above the poverty line but at risk of falling below it due to a small shock
VTP is a forward-looking measure. It recognizes that many households in Pakistan live just a few rupees above the poverty line. A small increase in food prices or a minor health issue can push them into poverty, making them a key target group for 'preventive' social safety nets.
8
Which mechanism ensures that BISP payments are received only by the intended beneficiary and not by middlemen?
Answer:
Biometric Verification System (BVS) and thumbprints
BISP transitioned from postal money orders to debit cards and finally to the Biometric Verification System (BVS). Beneficiaries must now scan their thumbprint at partner bank branches or retail shops to withdraw their cash, significantly reducing corruption and ensuring the money reaches the right person.
9
What percentage of Pakistan's population is estimated to be 'stunted' (low height for age) due to chronic malnutrition?
Answer:
Around 40%
Stunting is a critical national emergency in Pakistan, with nearly 40% of children under five being affected. Stunting results in permanent cognitive and physical impairments, which is why 'Nashonuma' was launched to provide nutrition support during the first 1,000 days of a child's life.
10
The 'Ehsaas Kafaalat' program specifically provides monthly stipends and bank accounts to:
Answer:
Poor and deserving women
Kafaalat is the core cash transfer component of the Ehsaas program (built upon the BISP foundation). It provides monthly financial support to nearly 7 million women, identifying them via NSER and ensuring they have access to a bank account and a smartphone for financial empowerment.