Physical Geography of Pakistan
· Pakistan Studies/Affairs
25 MCQs
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of 25 MCQs
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1
Which peak is the second highest in the world and the highest in Pakistan?
Answer:
K2 (Godwin-Austen)
K2, also known as Mount Godwin-Austen or Chhogori, stands at an elevation of 8,611 meters (28,251 feet) above sea level. It is located in the Karakoram range on the border between Pakistan and China. K2 is renowned as the 'Savage Mountain' due to the extreme difficulty of the ascent and has the second-highest fatality rate among the eight-thousandth peaks.
2
Nanga Parbat, the ninth-highest mountain in the world, is popularly known by which nickname?
Answer:
The Killer Mountain
Nanga Parbat, standing at 8,126 meters, is known as the 'Killer Mountain' because of the high number of climber fatalities on its slopes, especially before the first successful ascent in 1953. It is the western anchor of the Himalayas and is situated in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. Unlike K2, it is entirely located within Pakistani territory.
3
Which is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush mountain range?
Answer:
Trich Mir
Trich Mir is the highest mountain of the Hindu Kush range, rising to 7,708 meters (25,289 feet). It is located in the Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The peak dominates the landscape of Chitral and is visible from the town itself. It was first summited in 1950 by a Norwegian expedition.
4
The Karakoram mountain range is primarily located in which administrative region of Pakistan?
Answer:
Gilgit-Baltistan
The Karakoram range, which contains some of the world's highest peaks including K2, is situated almost entirely within the Gilgit-Baltistan region. This range is home to more than 60 peaks over 7,000 meters and several of the longest glaciers outside the polar regions, such as the Baltoro and Siachen glaciers.
5
Which mountain range separates Pakistan from Afghanistan to the west and northwest?
Answer:
The Hindu Kush
The Hindu Kush range forms a formidable natural boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Stretching about 800 kilometers, this range has historically been a barrier to movement, though several passes like the Khyber Pass and the Broghil Pass have allowed for trade and migration between the two regions for centuries.
6
What is the average height of the Salt Range in Pakistan?
Answer:
700 to 1,500 meters
The Salt Range, located in the northern part of the Punjab province, has an average elevation between 700 and 1,500 meters. Its highest peak is Sakesar, which rises to 1,522 meters. The range is geologically significant for its massive deposits of rock salt and other minerals like coal and gypsum.
7
Which mountain range is located in the southern part of Pakistan, stretching through Sindh and Balochistan?
Answer:
Kirthar Range
The Kirthar Range forms the boundary between the provinces of Sindh and Balochistan. It extends southward for about 300 kilometers from the Mula River in east-central Balochistan to Cape Monze on the Arabian Sea. It is home to the Gorakh Hill station, often called the 'Murree of Sindh' due to its cooler climate.
8
Which peak is known as the 'highest point' of the Sulaiman Mountain Range?
Answer:
Takht-e-Sulaiman
Takht-e-Sulaiman, meaning 'Throne of Solomon,' is the highest peak of the Sulaiman Range, reaching an altitude of 3,487 meters. It is located near the border of Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. According to local legend, Prophet Solomon once visited this peak, and it remains a site of historical and cultural significance.
9
The famous Siachen Glacier, the subject of a long-standing dispute, is located in which range?
Answer:
Karakoram
The Siachen Glacier is located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas, just east of the Actual Ground Position Line between India and Pakistan. It is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and the second-longest in the world's non-polar areas, stretching approximately 76 kilometers.
10
At which point do the three great mountain ranges—Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush—meet?
Answer:
Jaglot (near Gilgit)
The unique geographical junction where the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush ranges meet is located at Jaglot, about 40 kilometers south of Gilgit city. At this spot, the Indus River meets the Gilgit River. It is the only place in the world where three of the world's highest mountain systems converge.
11
Which of the following peaks is NOT located in Pakistan?
Answer:
Mount Everest
Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world (8,848 meters), is located on the border between Nepal and China (Tibet). Gasherbrum II and Broad Peak are among the five 8,000-meter peaks located in Pakistan, while Rakaposhi is a prominent 7,788-meter peak in the Karakoram range.
12
The Rakaposhi peak, famous for its sheer beauty and vertical rise, is located in which valley?
Answer:
Nagar Valley
Rakaposhi is located in the Nagar Valley (near Hunza) of Gilgit-Baltistan. It is the 27th highest peak in the world but is unique because of its massive rise above the local terrain; it rises over 6,000 meters from the Hunza River to the summit over a horizontal distance of only a few kilometers.
13
Which mountain range contains the famous Khyber Pass?
Answer:
Safed Koh (Spin Ghar)
The Khyber Pass, one of the most famous mountain passes in history, is located in the Safed Koh range (also known as Spin Ghar or White Mountains). It connects the town of Landi Kotal in Pakistan to the valley of Peshawar and has served as a vital trade and invasion route for centuries.
14
What is the height of Nanga Parbat?
Answer:
8,126 meters
Nanga Parbat stands at an elevation of 8,126 meters (26,660 feet). It is the second-highest peak in Pakistan after K2 and the ninth-highest in the world. The mountain is famous for its Rupal Face, which is the highest mountain face in the world, rising 4,600 meters from its base.
15
Which mountain range is the youngest and is still rising due to tectonic activity?
Answer:
The Himalayas
The Himalayas are among the youngest mountain ranges on Earth. They were formed by the collision of the Indian tectonic plate with the Eurasian plate. This geological process is still ongoing, causing the Himalayas (and the peaks within them like Nanga Parbat) to rise by a few millimeters every year.
16
The Broad Peak is also known locally by which name?
Answer:
Falchan Kangri
Broad Peak, the 12th highest mountain in the world at 8,051 meters, is known locally as Falchan Kangri. It is part of the Gasherbrum massif in the Karakoram range. It received the name 'Broad Peak' because its summit is over 1.5 kilometers long, resembling a broad ridge.
17
Mount Sikaram, the highest peak of the Safed Koh range, is located on the border of Pakistan and which country?
Answer:
Afghanistan
Mount Sikaram is the highest peak of the Safed Koh (White Mountains) range, reaching an altitude of 4,755 meters. It sits on the international border between Pakistan (Kurram District) and Afghanistan. The range provides a natural wall that influences the local climate and security dynamics.
18
Which range is located between the Indus and Jhelum rivers in the Potohar region?
Answer:
Salt Range
The Salt Range is geographically bounded by the Jhelum River to the east and the Indus River to the west. It spans across the districts of Jhelum, Chakwal, Khushab, and Mianwali. It is famous for being the source of the world-renowned Himalayan pink salt.
19
The 'Hidden Peak' is another name for which Pakistani eight-thousander?
Answer:
Gasherbrum I
Gasherbrum I, also known as K5 or Hidden Peak, is the 11th highest mountain in the world at 8,080 meters. It was named 'Hidden Peak' by early explorers because it is so remote and is often obscured by other massive peaks of the Gasherbrum range when viewed from the Baltoro glacier.
20
The Margalla Hills, which overlook Islamabad, are considered the foothills of which mountain system?
Answer:
The Himalayas
The Margalla Hills are a mountain range that forms part of the Lesser Himalayas. They are located north of Islamabad and serve as a popular recreational spot. These hills represent the southernmost extension of the Himalayan mountain system before it transitions into the Pothohar Plateau.
