FPSC (Federal Public Service Commission) · CSS (Central Superior Services)
Forests of Pakistan
Climate & Natural Resources of Pakistan
· Pakistan Studies/Affairs
25 MCQs
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1–20
of 25 MCQs
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1
Which type of forest is primarily found in the northern mountainous regions of Pakistan, such as Murree and Swat?
Answer:
Coniferous Forests
Coniferous forests are evergreen forests found in the high-altitude northern areas of Pakistan. These forests consist of trees like Pine, Deodar, and Fir, which are adapted to cold climates and snowy winters.
2
What is the recommended percentage of total land area that should be covered by forests for a country's ecological balance?
Answer:
25%
Environmental experts and international standards suggest that at least 25% of a country's total land area should be covered by forests to maintain a healthy ecosystem and mitigate climate change effects.
3
The Changa Manga forest in Pakistan is famous for being what type of forest?
Answer:
Man-made Irrigated Forest
Changa Manga, located near Lahore, is one of the largest and oldest man-made irrigated forests in the world. It was originally planted by the British in 1866 to provide fuel for steam engines.
4
In which province of Pakistan are the majority of Mangrove forests located?
Answer:
Sindh
The majority of Pakistan's mangrove forests are situated in the Indus River Delta in Sindh. These coastal forests protect the shoreline from erosion and serve as vital breeding grounds for fish and shrimp.
5
Which tree is officially recognized as the National Tree of Pakistan?
Answer:
Deodar
The Deodar (Cedrus deodara) is the National Tree of Pakistan. It is a large evergreen coniferous tree that thrives in the high altitudes of the Himalayas and Hindu Kush ranges.
6
Riverine forests in Pakistan, also known as 'Bela' forests, are typically found along the banks of which river?
Answer:
Indus River
Riverine or Bela forests are found in the floodplains of the Indus River and its tributaries. They rely on seasonal flooding for irrigation and consist of species like Sheesham and Babul.
7
Which forest type is found in the arid and semi-arid plains of Punjab and Sindh, consisting mainly of thorny bushes?
Answer:
Tropical Thorn Forests
Tropical Thorn Forests, also known as Rakh forests, are native to the plains of Pakistan. They are dominated by thorny, xerophytic trees like Acacia (Keekar) and Prosopis (Jand) that can survive with very little water.
8
The 'Ten Billion Tree Tsunami' project was launched by Pakistan to primarily address which issue?
Answer:
Deforestation and Climate Change
The Ten Billion Tree Tsunami is a major national initiative aimed at restoring Pakistan's forest cover to combat global warming, increase carbon sequestration, and preserve biodiversity.
9
Juniper forests, some of the oldest in the world, are predominantly found in which district of Balochistan?
Answer:
Ziarat
The Ziarat Juniper Forest is one of the largest and oldest juniper tracts in the world. Some of the trees are estimated to be over 2,500 years old, making it a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.
10
What is the primary cause of deforestation in the northern areas of Pakistan?
Answer:
Illegal logging and firewood collection
The northern areas face significant deforestation due to illegal logging by timber mafias and the local population's dependence on firewood for heating and cooking due to a lack of natural gas.
11
Which of these species is a common tree found in the irrigated plantations of Punjab?
Answer:
Sheesham (Dalbergia sissoo)
Sheesham, also known as Tahli in Punjabi, is a highly valued timber tree commonly grown in irrigated plantations and along roadsides across the plains of Pakistan.
12
Alpine forests in Pakistan are generally found at altitudes above:
Answer:
3,500 meters
Alpine forests and scrub are found at very high altitudes, typically above 3,500 meters, near the snow line. Vegetation is stunted due to extreme cold and a short growing season.
13
Which administrative body is responsible for the management of forests at the provincial level in Pakistan?
Answer:
Provincial Forest Department
Under the Constitution of Pakistan, forestry is a provincial subject. Therefore, each province has its own Forest Department responsible for the protection and development of forest resources.
14
Linear plantations in Pakistan are most commonly seen along:
Answer:
Roads, canals, and railway tracks
Linear plantations refer to rows of trees planted along man-made structures like highways, canal banks, and railway lines to prevent erosion, provide shade, and increase green cover.
15
The Sub-tropical Pine forests of Pakistan are dominated by which specific tree species?
Answer:
Chir Pine
Sub-tropical Pine forests are found in the lower hills of Murree, Hazara, and Azad Kashmir. The dominant species is the Chir Pine (Pinus roxburghii), which is used for timber and resin.
16
Which of the following is a major benefit provided by Mangrove forests to coastal communities?
Answer:
Protection against cyclones and tsunamis
Mangroves act as a natural barrier against coastal storms, surges, and tsunamis. Their complex root systems stabilize the soil and reduce the impact of high-energy waves.
17
Deforestation in Pakistan has directly contributed to which of the following natural disasters?
Answer:
Flash floods and soil erosion
Forests hold the soil together and absorb rainwater. When forests are cleared, rainwater flows rapidly down slopes, causing flash floods and washing away fertile topsoil.
18
Which forest type occupies the smallest percentage of the total forest area in Pakistan?
Answer:
Alpine Forests
While Alpine forests exist at extreme altitudes, they cover a very small portion of Pakistan's total land area compared to Coniferous or Riverine forests.
19
The 'Babul' (Acacia nilotica) tree is most commonly associated with which forest type in Pakistan?
Answer:
Riverine and Tropical Thorn Forests
Babul is a hardy tree that grows in the arid plains and along riverbanks. It is widely used for its hard timber, tanning material from its bark, and as animal fodder.
20
Approximately what percentage of Pakistan's total area is currently covered by forests?
Answer:
Less than 5%
Current estimates suggest that Pakistan's forest cover is roughly between 4% and 5%, which is significantly lower than the recommended 25% for environmental sustainability.
